The purpose of the Caderno de Educação Física e Esporte is to publish original and unpublished studies with recognized theoretical, methodological rigor and scientific relevance, which support and encourage the debate on phenomena concerning Physical Education, Sport, Leisure and Health. The journal is intended for researchers and undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of human movement sciences, education, and health from Latin America, the Iberian Peninsula, and Africa. CEFE will receive and publish articles in Portuguese or Spanish languages. Periodicity: Continuous Publication (Rolling Pass), with articles published in a single volume per year.
Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná
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Physical Education: methodologies focused on neuroscience
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to propose a methodological approach grounded in the planning of physical education classes designed to stimulate students’ brain activity and enhance their cognitive performance. METHODS: This is qualitative and descriptive research, in which 12 Physical Education lesson plans were proposed. A literature review was carried out on studies that deal with Physical Education teaching methodologies to form the database, on the Scielo search platform. RESULTS: The study revealed that it is possible to develop effective strategies that stimulate brain activity. These plans exemplify how innovative Physical Education can be, using approaches that combine physical and mental challenges to create a more holistic and effective learning environment. CONCLUSION: The application of the developed lesson plans can serve as a model for other educators, encouraging the adoption of innovative pedagogical practices that promote more enriching and comprehensive learning.
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Meaningful learning in Tennis: An experience report on the creation and use of empty spaces on the court
BACKGROUND: Understanding tactical concepts is a factor that contributes to success in tennis. From this knowledge, the player makes more assertive decisions more quickly. Understanding concepts occurs mainly from meaningful learning. Especially for teaching sports, pedagogical principles are proposed that guide the planning, intervention and evaluation of coaches OBJECTIVE: report the experience of the coach in using pedagogical principles for meaningful learning in tennis. METHODS: Descriptive study, in the form of an experience report. A tennis coach and two players participated. The intervention was planned based on pedagogical principles for meaningful learning of sports games and the class objective was to create and use empty spaces on the opponent's court. RESULTS: The coach´s experiences were carried out in a class organized in three moments: recognizing the concept of creating empty spaces on the opponent's court; seek to create empty spaces on the opponent's court and apply the concept in the game itself. Firstly, the activities “tennis with the hand” and “tactics in squares” were carried out. In the second moment, the “open!” activities were carried out. and “winner game”. In the third moment, the game itself was played, consisting of five games. CONCLUSION: The organization of activities based on pedagogical principles for meaningful learning contributed to the understanding of the tactical concept of creating and using empty spaces on the opponent's court.
Health assessment in amateur sport: an experience report on the implementation of a multidisciplinary health scanner in athletes
BACKGROUND: Although Brazil is considered the country of football worldwide, American Football has grown in Brazilian taste, however, the sport is considered amateur in nature. An exponent reflection highlights the need to monitor the health of athletes, given that there is a significant increase in the number of practitioners and not necessarily under the supervision of a physical educator or any other health professional, which leads to injuries and the worsening of health problems. OBJECTIVE: Promote the use, through an experience report, of multidisciplinary assessment and intervention strategies as an essential toll for maintaining health and preventing injuries among amateur American Football athletes. METHODS: Experience report describing aspects experienced by the authors and their repercussions, as health managers of an American Football team in Brazil and coordinators of the Combine-In (collection of clinical and technical information to support interventions to be carried out throughout the year) held in the 2024 pre-season. RESULTS: There is great resistance on the part of practitioners to accept demands that take them away from training. However, when presented with a structured project and above all with the aim of improving their athletic capacity, these obstacles can be overcome, bringing them closer to the ideal performance to be considered high-performance. Furthermore, when an internal competition is proposed with subsidies for athletic self-promotion as a prize, membership increases, despite it still being precarious. CONCLUSION: The proposed intervention was positive as it provided the health team with support for future interventions, narrowing the distance between the department and the athletes, developing in them a greater understanding of the gains when working alongside the responsible professionals. Showing athletes that you can have a professional mentality and conduct even without amateurs.
Evaluation of soccer injury prevention training: A literature review
BACKGROUND: Soccer, an essential part of many cultures, shows a high incidence of injuries due to the intensity of practice. Thus, preventive programmes are fundamental to ensure the sustainability of the sport. OBJECTIVE: To investigate injury prevention protocols in football, through a literature review. METHODS: The study is characterised as a scoping review, conducted in the PubMed and SciELO databases between March and October 2023, using descriptors in Portuguese and English (“training,” “injury prevention,” and “soccer”), combined with the Boolean operator AND and limited to the period 2018–2023. Complete and original articles applied to adult male soccer players were included, while reviews, editorials, commentaries, duplicates, and studies without corresponding methodology were excluded. After screening by title, abstract, and full-text reading, of the 483 articles retrieved, 11 met the criteria and served as the basis for data extraction, organisation, and analysis in response to the research question. RESULTS: Prevention programmes in football showed a reduction in the incidence, recurrence, and severity of injuries, especially in the hamstrings and ankles. There was also a decrease in time lost and an improvement in physical performance, such as eccentric strength, agility, and dribbling. Programmes like FIFA 11+ stood out for their consistent results. Overall, the systematic application of these interventions positively impacts players’ health and performance. CONCLUSION: Based on the research, the FIFA11+ injury prevention program emerged as the most evaluated, showing promising results. Therefore, further studies evaluating the necessary adherence level to the FIFA11+ program for injury prevention in training related to the chosen application method are deemed relevant.
Use of submaximal tests and prediction equations to estimate maximal charge in resistance training
BACKGROUND: Resistance training (RT) can induce hypertrophy, increase physical fitness, and improve athletes' performance. The one-repetition maximum (1RM; load = series vs. repetitions vs. weight) test is used to determine intensity. However, there are some specificities inherent to the test. Due to the difficulty encountered in performing the 1RM test, there are some studies on submaximal tests and predictive equations, which can estimate the values related to the maximum load without the need to use it. OBJECTIVE: To review and describe studies that used maximal and/or submaximal tests, together with prediction equations, to determine the maximum load and adapt it for different objectives and populations. METHODS: Using the keywords resistance training, load test, strength, maximum load, as well as equivalent terms in portuguese, a search for scientific articles related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed, SciELO and LILACS databases, prioritizing studies published from 2018 onwards. RESULTS: Effectiveness was observed in the use of submaximal tests and prediction equations to estimate 1RM, however, as well as the maximum load test, the submaximal tests and the prediction equations have some questions regarding some factors such as specificity of audience, exercises and range of repetitions to be used. CONCLUSION: Repetition tests, together with predictive equations, are also capable of providing control in the prescription of Resistance Training, even though a greater number of professionals are still found to use the 1RM test.
Association of perceived quality of life and level of physical activity in schoolchildren aged 10 to 15 years
OBJECTIVE: To conduct a literature review regarding the perception of physical activity and the level of physical activity in schoolchildren. METHODOLOGY: Characterized as a systematic review of the literature, the search for data was conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scielo and Lilacs databases in English and Portuguese. The original studies, published between 2016 and 2025, samples with an age range of 10 to 15 years, were included in the review. The search yielded 8972 potentially relevant titles; 96 studies were selected for reading the abstracts, of which 15 articles remained for reading in full, 6 of which were eliminated for not meeting the eligibility criteria. RESULTS: nine articles were selected and included in the study to compose this systematic review, of which seven are cross-sectional studies, one clinical trial and one correlational descriptive qualitative. In literature, the highest percentage of studies that relate the level of physical activity and the perception of quality of life in schoolchildren are cross-sectional, using several questionnaires to assess the level of physical activity. As for the assessment of the perception of quality of life, the use of the validated KIDSCREEN questionnaire was observed as a reliable tool to assess this variable. The association between the level of physical activity and the perception of quality of life is clearly more complex than what is generally exposed in literature and seems to involve other mediating variables. CONCLUSION: In general, the evidence on the practice of physical activity is positive and is associated with a better perception of quality of life in schoolchildren.
Action of curcumin in the attenuation of muscular atrophy and sarcopenia: a narrative review
BACKGROUND: Skeletal muscle is essential for the human body, but it can suffer degradation due to physiological or pathological factors. Research with phytochemicals, especially curcumin from turmeric, indicates positive effects on the recovery and prevention of muscle atrophy, such as a decrease in proteins involved in catabolism, reduction of inflammation and free radicals, as well as improvements in muscle and mitochondrial function. OBJECTIVE: Carry out a review of studies that demonstrate the action of curcumin on skeletal muscles in order to verify its benefits, if any, in the condition of muscular atrophy. METHODS: The work consists of a narrative review of experimental studies alive previously selected using the databases PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science, Scopus and Wiley Online Library as research. and the keywords: muscular atrophy e curcumin. RESULTS: The research obtained eighteen (n=18) studies, fifteen (n=15) experimental studies with animals and three (n=3) experimental studies with humans. A general decrease in muscle atrophic signaling was observed through the inhibition of enzymes participating in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and protein ubiquitination, in addition to the reduction of inflammatory mediators, activity of fator nuclear kappa beta and free radical containment. CONCLUSION: The results tend to indicate that curcumin can inhibit or attenuate muscle atrophy caused by different scenarios, but even more studies are needed, especially clinical ones, to prove its action and effectiveness.
The content of combat sports in school physical education teaching: a systematic review
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the contributions of Brazilian scientific production, published from 1990 to 2022, about the content of combat sports in school Physical Education. METHODS: Searches were conducted from 2022 October to November in the Scopus, Scielo, and Lilacs databases. For data analysis, descriptors combined with Boolean operators in Portuguese and English were used: (Lutas) OR (Artes marciais; martial arts) OR (Esportes de combate; combat sports) AND (Educação Física; Physical Education) AND (Ensino, teaching) AND (Escola). In addition, content analysis indicators were used to categorize the most evident aspects. After applying the screening and eligibility criteria, 14 articles were included in the study, which were published from 2007 to 2021, being concentrated in 2015. Bibliometric indicators and qualitative content analysis methods were used for data analysis. RESULTS: From the search, screening, and selection process, 14 articles were included in the study. From the content analysis of the studies, the following categories emerged: “Proposals for teaching combat sports”; “Barriers to teaching combat sports” and “Implications for student formation”. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that there is a fruitful debate on the topic of struggles at school, with emphasis on the lack of didactic-pedagogical guidelines for the teacher who intends to address this content. It is hoped that this study will serve as an incentive for the Brazilian scientific community to develop new research on struggles in the school context.
Marina Saldanha da Silva Saldanha da Silva Athayde
Judo in physical education classes in Rio Grande do Sul: an integrative review
BACKGROUND: Judo, when incorporated into Physical Education classes, goes beyond its martial and competitive nature, promoting ethical and social values. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the use of judo as a thematic unit in Physical Education classes in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, addressing its benefits, challenges, and potential for student development. METHODS: An integrative literature review was conducted, searching databases such as Dialnet and Google Scholar, including studies from 2010 to 2024 on judo practice in school Physical Education. RESULTS: The studies indicate that judo promotes physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional development, being valued for its contribution to the holistic development of students. However, the lack of infrastructure and teacher training are recurring challenges. CONCLUSION: Judo in schools offers significant benefits but faces barriers that must be overcome for effective implementation, such as the need for public policies focused on teacher training and adapting school facilities.
Initial training in Physical Education: Analysis of dance content in academic curricula
BACKGROUND: Initial training in Physical Education is undergoing an expansion of its academic debates. In this sense, this study seeks to contribute to this theme in interface with dance. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the presence of dance disciplines, their workloads, syllabuses and bibliographical references in the curricula of initial training for Physical Education teachers at Federal Universities in the state of Minas Gerais. METHODS: This is qualitative documentary research in which the Pedagogical Projects, Curricular Matrices and Analytical Programs of the identified Federal Universities were consulted. The documents were cataloged and analyzed through content analysis. RESULTS: Fourteen mandatory and eight optional subjects were identified. In general, the workload is low, and some subjects do not have practical workload. The syllabuses include technical, cultural, gender and ethnic-racial aspects. Regarding the bibliographical references, eight subjects presented a connection with school education. CONCLUSION: Despite the presence of dance-related disciplines in the professional training of teachers, this interface still lacks a greater expansion of its debates, so that it is possible to break with paradigms and insecurities in the pedagogical treatment of dance content in Physical Education classes.
Sports participation and anxiety levels, state and traits in adolescents
BACKGROUND: Sports practice contributes significantly to health, promoting physical and mental well-being. However, little is known about anxiety levels among adolescents who are or are not engaged in sports activities. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess state and trait anxiety levels in adolescents, comparing the results between those who practice sports and those who do not, as well as between boys and girls. METHODS: Eighty-two adolescents aged between 13 and 15 years participated in the study. Initially, information was collected to characterize the participants, and subsequently, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was applied to assess state and trait anxiety. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare anxiety levels between different groups (sports practitioners vs. non-practitioners), with a significance level set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Overall, adolescents presented moderate levels of state anxiety (43.9±9.9) and trait anxiety (46.6±10.3). It was observed that adolescents who practiced sports had lower levels of trait anxiety (practitioners 44.4±10.8 vs. non-practitioners 49.1±9.4, p=0.04). When analyzed by sex, girls showed a higher prevalence (75%, n=30) of moderate trait and state anxiety levels, as well as higher trait anxiety (girls 51.8±8.0 vs. boys 41.7±10.0, p<0.01) and state anxiety (girls 48.1±8.3 vs. boys 40.0±9.8, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Adolescents who do not practice sports exhibit higher levels of trait anxiety. Additionally, girls show higher levels of both state and trait anxiety, even when engaged in sports activities. Although sports practice may reduce anxiety in adolescents, sex should be considered for a more cautious approach. Therefore, future research is recommended to investigate the impact of different sports on both sexes to support mental health management in adolescents.
Leisure-time physical activity and self-reported disability: a population-based study in the city of São Paulo
BACKGROUND: Engaging in leisure-time physical activity is essential for promoting health and preventing non-communicable chronic diseases. However, access to such activities remains unequal, particularly among individuals with disabilities. Understanding these disparities and their associated factors is crucial to ensuring health equity. OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare leisure-time physical activity among individuals with and without self-reported disabilities, measuring the magnitude of inequalities and associated factors according to sociodemographic variables. METHODS: Data from ISA-Capital 2015, a cross-sectional population-based study with a representative sample of residents aged 12 years and older in the city of São Paulo, were used. Participants were classified as: without disability or with visual, hearing, or physical disability. Leisure-time physical activity was assessed using the long version of the IPAQ, with individuals classified as physically active during leisure if they met the recommended threshold of 420 minutes/week (ages 12–17) or 150 min/week (ages 18 and older). Poisson regression models, adjusted for all covariates, were used to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: When comparing the prevalence of physically active individuals without disabilities (22.4%) and those with disabilities, no statistically significant differences were found for visual (17.8%), and hearing disabilities (20.3%). The prevalence among individuals with physical disabilities was 40% lower than those without disabilities overall (10.9%), 60% lower among older individuals (5.9%), and 50% lower among males (9.8%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity was low and similar among individuals without disabilities and those with visual, hearing, or intellectual disabilities, with comparable associations and inequalities by sex and education level. However, pronounced inequalities were observed among individuals with physical disabilities, highlighting the need for public policies to reduce barriers and promote equity.
Footvolley as a leisure activity: meanings, social connections, and structure in Taquari, RS
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe and analyze how footvolley practitioners in Taquari, Rio Grande do Sul, experience the sport as a leisure activity, focusing on their motivations, the meanings they attribute to it, the formation of social relationships, and its impact on their financial and family dynamics—all inspired by my experiences as an instructor and player. METHODS: To conduct the research, semi-structured interviews were carried out with four practitioners selected based on their level of experience in footvolley and their gender. Their responses were analyzed through thematic categorization. RESULTS: The results indicate that the practitioners were strongly influenced by the sport’s popularity in the city, and it was found that technical development, competition, and social interactions are key factors in maintaining their engagement with the sport. CONCLUSION: We conclude that footvolley goes beyond physical activity, providing a sense of belonging, fostering friendships, and serving as an outlet for coping with everyday stress
Hydration habits among amateur cyclists in Ubá - MG: A cross-sectional study
BACKGROUND: Hydration is essential for maintaining fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and performance in long-distance races. In cycling, ensuring adequate water intake is essential, but there is still little data on this topic among amateur cyclists in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the consumption and hydration habits of cyclists in the Ubá region of Minas Gerais. METHODOLOGY: Thirty-four cyclists who had been cycling for at least six months were selected. A questionnaire containing 17 questions was administered to assess their level of knowledge about hydration. RESULTS: The results show that 61.7% of the cyclists reported hydrating during training and 64.8% during competition. Water consumption was predominant before (70.6%) and after (67.6%) the exercise session, while carbohydrate drinks were consumed more frequently during exercise (41.2%). Fluid intake occurred mostly before the sensation of thirst (76.5%). Only 8.8% of cyclists reported weighing themselves before and after training sessions. Hydration during training and competitions showed similar patterns. The main sources of guidance reported were physical education teachers (26.5%) and friends (23.5%). Among the symptoms of dehydration reported, intense thirst, a feeling of loss of strength, and generalized fatigue stood out. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that, although many cyclists have an adequate understanding of the importance of hydration, there are still gaps in the practices adopted. This reinforces the need for educational strategies that encourage adequate fluid replacement before, during, and after exercise, aiming both at improving performance and preventing dehydration.
Problematization methodology in physical education: didactic strategies and methodological principles
BACKGROUND: The Problematization Methodology with the Maguerez Arc (PMMA) is a methodological path with growing interest in physical education (PE) at school, especially due to the possibility of contextualizing social reality with the theme studied. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to identify teaching strategies and methodological principles of PMMA in PE. METHODS: A participative research was carried out with pedagogical intervention of 13 classes with 3 groups of 5th grade of Elementary School. The data were collected in a field diary and a reflective thematic analysis was carried out. For this study, the analyses were centered on the following themes: (1) planning strategies and (2) challenges, adaptations and reflections on the PMMA stage. RESULTS: Didactic strategies and methodological principles were identified in the application of PMMA in PE, organized in guiding frameworks. PMMA enabled the systematization of a pedagogical work that addresses different dimensions of knowledge and is directed towards the social reality of the students. On the other hand, the culmination of the students' work was centered on the body experiments carried out. CONCLUSION: PMMA was presented as a methodological possibility for PE and possibilities of teaching strategies were systematized for each stage of the arc. It is suggested that studies be expanded to include other themes and knowledge, as well as in other stages of basic education.
Analysis of swimming pool conditions at the Federal University of Minas Gerais: Academic and practical contributions
BACKGROUND: Federal Universities are privileged spaces for the production of both theoretical and practical knowledge, extending beyond academic training. Based on this principle, the spaces, and facilities of these universities must offer adequate conditions for teaching, research, and outreach activities. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to identify the current state of swimming pools in Federal Universities in the state of Minas Gerais, as well as their usage and the academic-scientific output developed through aquatic activities. It should present the objective proposed in the study. METHODS: The study adopted a cross-sectional and descriptive approach using a Google Forms® questionnaire, applied to eight professors responsible for aquatic disciplines at Federal Universities in Minas Gerais. RESULTS: The results revealed that 25.0% of the institutions do not have a swimming pool on their premises, hindering teaching, research, and outreach. Institutions with swimming pools (75.0%) lack basic safety elements and exhibit negligence regarding maintenance. Academic output related to aquatic activities is low, with 25.0% of professors publishing regularly, and 37.5% of the institutions never have implemented outreach projects in the aquatic area, resulting in a lack of opportunities for students and potential scholarship holders. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that spaces dedicated to aquatic activities require more attention, highlighting the need for actions to improve infrastructures and increase academic output in this field.
Environmental conditions of public squares and the practice of physical activity: relationships with socioeconomic indicators in the city of Canoas - RS
BACKGROUND: The practice of physical activity (PA) is associated with the prevention and treatment of various diseases, and public squares are planned urban spaces that can serve as ideal locations for engaging in such activities. OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between the environmental conditions of public squares in the city of Canoas for the practice of PA and the local socio-economic situation. Contributing to the management of spaces to favour the practice of PA by the population. METHODS: The squares in the city of Canoas (RS) were grouped according to their district and area, and the Presence Index (IP) and Quality Index (IQ) of 52 squares, used to assess environmental conditions, were calculated. In addition, the IDMH and the Gini Index (GINI), used as socio-economic indicators, were obtained. The average value of these four indices for each of the city's districts was calculated to check for a significant difference between them, as well as the presence of a correlation between the PI and/or QI with the IDMH and/or GINI, at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: The IP and IQ did not differ significantly between the CE (3.60 and 9.00), NE (2.76 and 7.03) and SE (5.12 and 13.50) districts. The CE District showed the highest values for the IDHM (0.895) and GINI (0.48), being significantly different from the other districts for the first index and from the NE District for the second. For the four indices calculated, there was a significant correlation only between PI and IQ (r=0.876). CONCLUSION: There was no significant association between the environmental conditions of public squares for practising PA and the local socio-economic situation in the CE, NE and SE districts of the Municipality of Canoas, which is a positive finding for the city. Despite this, there are other issues that deserve attention from the municipal government.
Gender in adventure body practices physical in education lessons based on historical-critical pedagogy
BACKGROUND: Gender inequalities are present in different contexts, and the critical approach to topics such as Adventure Body Practices (in Portuguese, “PCA”) in Physical Education classes makes it possible to broaden debates on sociocultural issues. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to present possibilities for gender debates in Physical Education classes with the “PCA” theme based on Historical-Critical Pedagogy (abbrevieted “PHC” in Portuguese). METHODS: The study was carried out with a third-grade class from regular high school, in six double lessons, with 26 students. Through the work, we realized the potential of debating gender issues in Physical Education classes based on “PHC”. RESULTS: However, there is an increase in neoliberalism and, consequently, obscurantism in educational institutions that seek ways to restrict teaching work. CONCLUSION: In this reality, we need to fight collectively in search of a more inclusive school for a more just society.
Cardiovascular responses in strength training sessions with or without the use of the elevation training mask
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to compare hemodynamic responses with or without the use of an elevation training mask. METHODS: Fifteen trained men (78.68±6.56kg; 174.73±4.56cm; 23.18±2.04years) performed two training sessions with three exercises, 10-RM loads and 2-minute intervals, in different O2 deprivation conditions (with or without the elevation training mask). Cardiovascular parameters of systolic, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and double product were observed. RESULTS: Based on the ANOVA, it can be observed similar significant decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure for respiratory conditions, however the duration of post-exercise hypotension for a training session using the ergogenic resource maintained an increased duration for up to 60 minutes for systolic blood pressure ( p<0.0001; d=–1.11) and diastolic (p=0.047; d=–0.82), which did not occur for other respiratory conditions. For heart rate and the double product there were no significant differences between respiratory conditions. CONCLUSION: Regardless of the use of the elevation training mask, strength training promotes significant decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and increases in heart rate and the double product. Furthermore, a longer duration of post-exercise hypotension caused using this ergogenic resource was observed.
Relationship between burnout syndrome and self-efficacy of physical education teachers
BACKGROUND: Burnout Syndrome is one of the main work-related dysfunctions and increasingly affects teachers. The impacts of burnout on educators compromise their work quality, relationships within the school community, mental health, and self-efficacy beliefs. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess burnout and self-efficacy levels among Physical Education teachers, examining relationships between burnout and self-efficacy constructs, as well as associations with participants’ sociodemographic variables. METHODS: The sample included 30 Physical Education teachers from the State Education Network in the Maringá Region (Brazil). Data collection instruments included a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Burnout Characterization Scale (ECB), and the Physical Education Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale. Non-parametric statistical tests were applied: Single-Group Chi-Square, Mann-Whitney U Test, Friedman Test, Paired Wilcoxon Test, and Pearson Correlation, with a 95% significance level (p<0.05). RESULTS: Teachers exhibited low/moderate burnout levels (highest in emotional exhaustion) and high self-efficacy. Strong correlations were found between work disillusionment and emotional exhaustion, as well as between teaching practice and classroom management. Burnout showed significant associations with multiple job-holding, workload, career length, and other sociodemographic variables. CONCLUSION: Teachers with more experience and working in a single school unit showed higher susceptibility to burnout.
Eating habits and body image in physical exercise practitioners
BACKGROUND: Poor diet is linked to dissatisfaction with one's body image, and this may be one of the main reasons that lead people to start practicing physical exercise, in addition to improving health. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between eating habits and body satisfaction in women who practice physical exercise. METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted with 48 female individuals. The individuals evaluated answered a Food Consumption Marker Form from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN). In addition, the weekly time spent on routine physical activities was verified using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, in its short version. Finally, they answered the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-34), to verify the degree of concern with body image. RESULTS: Regarding the BSQ score, an average of 89.56±29.15 was found. When calculating the variables obtained through the IPAQ, it was possible to observe that the majority of the sample is composed of very active people, representing 56.3% of the total number of those evaluated. Of those analyzed, 58.4% admitted to some level of dissatisfaction with their body image. When evaluating food consumption, it was possible to observe that the majority eat their meals watching TV, on the computer and/or on their cell phone, regardless of their level of body satisfaction. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that a considerable percentage of women who practice physical exercise have some level of dissatisfaction with their body image, having inadequate eating habits.
Sedentary behavior and barriers to physical activity in Physical Education students: a comparative study between freshman and fenior university students
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the sedentary behavior and barriers to physical activity among university students of a Physical Education course. METHODS: The study included 185 university students, divided into two groups: freshman (G1) and senior students (G2). Data were collected using the instruments "Monitoring of Health Indicators and Quality of Life in Academics" and PACE. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency distribution) and inferential statistics for non-parametric data using the Mann-Whitney test for independent samples and the Chi-Square test for categorical variables. RESULTS: Final-year students (G2) spent significantly more time in sedentary behavior (p<0.05) during a regular week compared to beginner students (G1). "Lack of motivation" was among the main difficulties reported for regular physical activity practice. CONCLUSION: It is essential to focus on the need for interventions through institutional programs and university support policies to reduce harmful health behaviors among students.
The familia quadrigaria, in the Ludi Circenses: the administrators of chariot races in Ancient Rome
BACKGROUND: The circus games of Ancient Rome became popular from the beginning of the Imperial Era, expanding across Roman territories, even in Late Antiquity. In the circus, various spectacles made up the ludi, made possible by an organization composed of freedmen, slaves, free men, and the infamous class. The familia quadrigaria, an administrative and social institution, brought together different social classes around the factio (of distinct colors). The union of the factiones formed a collegium, and each familia quadrigaria had 25 decuriones (250 members per team). OBJECTIVE: This text discusses the familia quadrigaria and its role in the Ludi Circenses in Ancient Rome. METHODS: From the historical and interpretative focus, this paper used the works of Vendramini (2022), Clavel-Lévêque (1984), and Corassin (2000), among others, were used. Initially, bibliographic research and the Perseus Digital Library collection were used to survey works on the subject, such as Smith & Wayte (1890, online), and, about the images, the collection of the Archaeological Museum of Bologna, Italy, was used. The book “De Spectaculis” by Tertullian was used in the documentary research. RESULTS: The relationship between emperors, ordinary people, and chariot races is discussed throughout the text, demonstrating the joyful communication channel with the cosmos and the community and the preservation of rituals, festivities, and practices carried out in circuses. CONCLUSION: The different roles of the people involved in the charioteer family reveal how close the games were to the activities of professionals, artisans, and artists, involving the emperors and the ordinary people in the joy of the fans in the disputes to win and in the bets on the favorite teams. Thus, the circus games were more than simply offering “bread and circuses” in Ancient Rome.
Teacher motivation and career cycles in Physical Education of teachers from Western Paraná
BACKGROUND: Different contextual, personal and professional elements influence teacher motivation throughout the cycles of professional development. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to gather and analyze data and aspects that influence motivation in the teaching career, considering its professional development cycles. METHODS: This is a descriptive, exploratory study with a sample of 19 Physical Education teachers affiliated with the State and Municipal Departments of Education in municipalities in the western region of Paraná, Brazil. A socio-demographic questionnaire was used for personal and professional characterization, along with the Teacher Motivation Scale, based on the characteristics of the Physical Education teaching career: career entry, consolidation of professional competencies, affirmation, and diversification in the career, career renewal, and career maturity. Content analysis was used as the analysis plan. RESULTS: The growth of interpersonal competencies, cooperative work in establishing links between motivational representation structures, and greater security in the teaching role were more evident in the first two cycles. These findings have implications for approval and recognition in the third cycle, while in the fourth cycle, teachers demonstrate weakened performance due to frustrations with working conditions in their professional careers, while in the final career cycle, contemplation of their career path and professional development becomes more evident. CONCLUSION: Teacher motivation was evident in the different stages of professional development, with dedication to the profession in the initial cycles and, in the later stages, transforming into a reflection on the experiences accumulated over the years of their careers.